{"id":7275,"date":"2022-07-11T16:25:03","date_gmt":"2022-07-11T14:25:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/?p=7275"},"modified":"2022-07-11T16:25:03","modified_gmt":"2022-07-11T14:25:03","slug":"assess-detect-protect-avenues-to-be-explored-to-control-garlic-dry-rot-caused-by-fusarium","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/en\/assess-detect-protect-avenues-to-be-explored-to-control-garlic-dry-rot-caused-by-fusarium\/","title":{"rendered":"Assess, detect, protect: avenues to be explored to control garlic dry rot caused by fusarium"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The coming years will be intense in terms of research on garlic dry rot with three ongoing projects: GARLIC (CASDAR funding + PICl\u00e9g labeling, 2022-2025, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.picleg.fr\/Projets\/Les-projets-en-cours\/GARLIC\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.picleg.fr\/Projets\/Les-projets-en-cours\/GARLIC<\/a>); GOUSSE (SFR TERSYS, 2022-2023); BEYOND (ANR, 2021-2025 <a href=\"https:\/\/www6.inrae.fr\/beyond\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www6.inrae.fr\/beyond\/<\/a>). These projects are coordinated by the Plant Pathology unit (INRAE Avignon) with the direct or indirect involvement of PROSEMAIL. They also integrate the research units SQPOV (INRAE, Avignon), Qualisud (University of Avignon), Agroecology (INRAE Dijon) and the 3A microscopy platform in Avignon. In the 3 projects, several axes are explored in order to advance the knowledge on garlic dry rot and to find solutions to protect garlic crops.<\/p>\n<h2>Assess the susceptibility of varieties<\/h2>\n<p>First of all, the development of protection methods for garlic requires an evaluation of the susceptibility to dry rot of garlic varieties grown in France. Indeed, to date, there is no classification of garlic varieties registered in the French official catalog according to their susceptibility to <em>Fusarium proliferatum (Fp)<\/em> and <em>F. oxysporum (Fox)<\/em>. The knowledge of the behavior of varieties towards <em>Fp<\/em> and <em>Fox<\/em> could help farmers to orient their choices and to advance varietal selection. This will be a long process because, to date, disease resistance and tolerance criteria are not considered in the varietal registration procedure. The recently developed protocol for in vitro cloves inoculation and symptom scoring (Chr\u00e9tien et al., 2021) is being optimized. The ultimate objective is to establish a classification of varieties according to their susceptibility to dry rot under controlled conditions.<\/p>\n<h2>Detect to better protect<\/h2>\n<p>One of the major difficulties in the study and understanding of garlic dry rot is that the symptoms only appear during storage. At present, we do not know what happens during cultivation. Moreover, it is known that <em>Fp<\/em> and <em>Fox<\/em> can be found in the tissues of symptomless cloves. Thus, one of the important objectives of the projects is the development of methods to detect these fungi in garlic cloves and in potential inoculum reservoirs (soil, irrigation water, rain, air&#8230;). Three methods are being explored: two by specific and sensitive amplification of <em>Fp<\/em> and <em>Fox<\/em> DNA (LAMP and digital PCR) and one by near and mid-infrared spectroscopy.<br \/>\nIn the coming months, the detection of <em>Fp<\/em> and <em>Fox<\/em> in garlic cloves by the sense of smell of a trained dog will be tested. This method has been proven for various compounds and is currently being developed by INRAE of Montpellier on pests and plant pathogens.<\/p>\n<h2>Test alternative protection methods to chemical products.<\/h2>\n<p>These methods will have to eliminate <em>Fp<\/em> and <em>Fox<\/em> in the tissues of garlic cloves, and avoid the penetration of <em>Fp<\/em> and <em>Fox<\/em> in healthy cloves. They should also allow to maintain a good germination capacity of the cloves. Three methods will be tested: treatment with UV-C radiation, which reduces microbial contamination of plants and stimulates plant defense systems; thermotherapy, which reduces the development of fungi and maintains the quality of garlic bulbs; and the use of biocontrol agents in coatings, some of which are known to be effective in protecting against phytopathogenic fungi of the <em>Fusarium<\/em> genus.<\/p>\n<p>The progress of the projects and the significant results will be communicated regularly, in particular at the PROSEMAIL general meeting.<\/p>\n<p>Authors: Christel Leyronas &amp; H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Hunyadi<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_7276\" style=\"width: 1150px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-7276\" src=\"https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/results-detection-method-lamp-fusarium-proliferatum.jpg\" alt=\"Example of a detection result with the LAMP method with DNA of Fusarium proliferatum (yellow: positive; pink: negative). The objective of the development is to obtain such clear results for Fp in garlic tissue. (\u00a9INRAE)\" width=\"1140\" height=\"565\" class=\"wp-image-7276 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/results-detection-method-lamp-fusarium-proliferatum.jpg 1140w, https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/results-detection-method-lamp-fusarium-proliferatum-300x149.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/results-detection-method-lamp-fusarium-proliferatum-1024x508.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/results-detection-method-lamp-fusarium-proliferatum-768x381.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1140px) 100vw, 1140px\" \/><p id=\"caption-attachment-7276\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Example of a detection result with the LAMP method with DNA of Fusarium proliferatum (yellow: positive; pink: negative). The objective of the development is to obtain such clear results for Fp in garlic tissue. (\u00a9INRAE)<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The coming years will be intense in terms of research on garlic dry rot with three ongoing projects: GARLIC (CASDAR funding + PICl\u00e9g labeling, 2022-2025, https:\/\/www.picleg.fr\/Projets\/Les-projets-en-cours\/GARLIC); GOUSSE (SFR TERSYS, 2022-2023); [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":7276,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[164],"class_list":["post-7275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Assess, detect, protect: avenues to be explored to control garlic dry rot caused by fusarium - Le plant certifi\u00e9 d&#039;ail et d&#039;\u00e9chalote<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/ail-echalote-certifie.org\/en\/assess-detect-protect-avenues-to-be-explored-to-control-garlic-dry-rot-caused-by-fusarium\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Assess, detect, protect: avenues to be explored to control garlic dry rot caused by fusarium - Le plant certifi\u00e9 d&#039;ail et d&#039;\u00e9chalote\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The coming years will be intense in terms of research on garlic dry rot with three ongoing projects: GARLIC (CASDAR funding + PICl\u00e9g labeling, 2022-2025, https:\/\/www.picleg.fr\/Projets\/Les-projets-en-cours\/GARLIC); 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pink: negative). The objective of the development is to obtain such clear results for Fp in garlic tissue. 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